Word Fluency Test

Technical Manual

Script Author: Katja Borchert, Ph.D. (katjab@millisecond.com), Millisecond

Created: January 29, 2015

Last Modified: January 02, 2026 by K. Borchert (katjab@millisecond.com), Millisecond

Script Copyright © Millisecond Software, LLC

Background

This script runs a simple Letter Fluency Test with phonetic categories (letters A, F, S) similar to the Controlled Oral Word Association Test (COWAT), as subset of the Multilingual Aphasia Examination.

This script collects written input.

References

Borkowski, J. G., Benton, A. L., & Spreen, O. (1967). "Word fluency and brain damage." Neuropsychologia, 5(2), 135-140.

Benton, A. L., Hamsher, K. deS., & Sivan, A. B. (1994). Multilingual Aphasia Examination (3rd ed.). Iowa City, IA: AJA Associates.

Duration

7 minutes

Description

Participants are asked to type as many words as they can that begin with letters A, F, S (tested in blocked-design). They have 2 min for each letter (default).

Procedure

3 blocks: one block per targetletter, order of letters randomly determined
each block has a timelimit of 2min (editable parameter)

Word Count-Estimate: Algorithm
Inquisit attempts to estimate the number of words for each letter by
- replacing all spaces up to 5 with a single space
- replacing all line breaks with a single space
- comparing the response string that contains only single spaces with a response strings that contains no
spaces at all
=> the estimated word count is the differences in string length plus 1
(e.g. "slug snail snake" vs. "slugsnailsnake" => 2 spaces + 1 = 3 words)

the algorithm only provides a rough estimate of the word count (and it does NOT
check whether the words are correct)

Stimuli

This script test letters A, F, S because of their frequency in English
Different letters can be substituted under EDITABLE CODE -> Editable Values

Instructions

provide by Millisecond - instructions can be edited under
EDITABLE CODE -> Editable Instructions

Summary Data

File Name: letterfluency_summary*.iqdat

Data Fields

NameDescription
inquisit.version Inquisit version number
computer.platform Device platform: win | mac |ios | android
computer.touch 0 = device has no touchscreen capabilities; 1 = device has touchscreen capabilities
computer.hasKeyboard 0 = no external keyboard detected; 1 = external keyboard detected
startDate Date the session was run
startTime Time the session was run
subjectId Participant ID
groupId Group number
sessionId Session number
elapsedTime Session duration in ms
completed 0 = Test was not completed
1 = Test was completed
estimateTotal Sum of the estimated wordcounts for the 3 letters
targetLetter1 Stores the first targetletter (default: "A") ('first' does not refer to order in which letters were run in)
targetLetter2 Stores the second targetletter (default: "F")
targetLetter3 Stores the third targetletter (default: "S")
estimateWordCount1-estimateWordCount3 Estimates word count by comparing the length of the response with
and without spaces for a given target letter

Raw Data

File Name: letterfluency_raw*.iqdat

Data Fields

NameDescription
build Inquisit version number
computer.platform Device platform: win | mac |ios | android
computer.touch 0 = device has no touchscreen capabilities; 1 = device has touchscreen capabilities
computer.hasKeyboard 0 = no external keyboard detected; 1 = external keyboard detected
date Date the session was run
time Time the session was run
subject Participant ID
group Group number
session Session number
blockcode The name the current block (built-in Inquisit variable)
blocknum The number of the current block (built-in Inquisit variable)
trialcode The name of the currently recorded trial (built-in Inquisit variable)
trialnum The number of the currently recorded trial (built-in Inquisit variable)
trialnum is a built-in Inquisit variable; it counts all trials run
even those that do not store data to the data file.
stimulusItem The presented stimuli in order of trial presentation
response The participant's response
latency The response latency (in ms)
targetLetter Stores the currently run targetletter
response Stores the string response for a given targetletter
responseNoSpaces Stores the string response for a given targetletter minus spaces
estimateWordCount Estimates word count by comparing the length of the response with and without spaces

Parameters

The procedure can be adjusted by setting the following parameters.

NameDescriptionDefault
Design
targetLetter1 Stores the first targetletter"A"
targetLetter2 Stores the second targetletter"F"
targetLetter3 Stores the third targetletter"S"
Timing Parameters
timeLimit Stores the ms that participants have to come up with the words 120000
warningDuration Stores the duration in ms of the warning signal to prepare participants to get ready for next round1000