Monetary Incentive Delay Task

Technical Manual

Script Author: Katja Borchert, Ph.D. (katjab@millisecond.com), Millisecond

Created: August 28, 2015

Last Modified: August 14, 2023 by K. Borchert (katjab@millisecond.com), Millisecond

Script Copyright © Millisecond Software, LLC

Background

This script implements the Monetary Incentive Delay Task; a task to induce anticipation of reward and punishment within a simple reaction time task.

The implemented procedure is based on:

Knutson, B., Westdorp, A., Kaiser, E., & Hommer, D. (2000). FMRI visualization of brain activity during a monetary incentive delay task. Neuroimage, 12(1), 20-27

Duration

30 minutes

Description

Participants are asked to respond to a brief target shape that follows 2 different cues: one an incentive cue (e.g. an orange shape) and the other a nonincentive cue (e.g. a blue shape). Responses to nonincentive targets (aka targets following nonincentive cues) never have an impact on money gained or money lost; nevertheless participants receive verbal feedback whether they were fast enough or not. Responses to incentive targets have different consequences depending on three different reward conditions: Control vs. Reward vs. Punishment.

In the Reward condition, participants who respond fast enough to a target that follows an incentive cue get a monetary reward (e.g. $1). If they are not fast enough, no money is won. In the Punishment condition, participants who respond fast enough to a target that follows an incentive cue do not lose any money (e.g. $1). If they fail to respond in time, they lose money (e.g. $1). In the control condition, there is no difference between incentive and nonincentive targets. Participants can neither win any money, nor can they lose any.

Procedure

3 conditions: Control vs. Reward vs. Punishment, tested within in a blocked design.
All participants start with the Control condition.
The assignment to Reward -> Punishment vs. Punishment -> Reward is counterbalanced by groupnumber
(odd groupnumbers start with Reward; even groupnumbers start with Punishment)

In each condition:
- 100 trials
- 20 incentive trials
- 80 nonincentive trials
=> The order is randomized with the constraint that incentive trials cannot be presented consecutively
- the color for incentive/nonincentive trials is different for each condition

Trial Sequence (6000ms):
cue (500ms) -> random delay* (4000-4500ms)-> target (variable, duration = 60th percentile RT)** -> Feedback (500ms) -> ITI (variable to round trial sequence duration to ~6s)

•Random Delay: is controlled by list.delay under section Editable Lists

Target Durations: In This Script, The Targetduration Is Set To The 60Th Percentile Rt As Assessed During Baseline ~ 60% Correct Performance
Knutson et al (2000) report to have used targetdurations beween 160ms and 260ms (p.21)
if the 60th percentile > 500ms the script aborts automatically (500ms is the max. possible target duration given all other default trial durations)

Stimuli

cues/targets: squares (size can be controlled via parameters.stimsize under section Editable Values)
targets: white in all conditions
Control: incentive cue: red; nonincentive cue: green
Reward: incentive cue: orange; nonincentive cue: blue
Punishment: incentive cue: yellow; nonincentive cue: pink

Instructions

are not original to Knutson et al (2000) - they can be edited under section Editable Instructions

Summary Data

File Name: monetaryincentivedelaytask_summary*.iqdat

Data Fields

NameDescription
inquisit.version Inquisit version number
computer.platform Device platform: win | mac |ios | android
startDate Date the session was run
startTime Time the session was run
subjectId Participant ID
groupId Group number
sessionId Session number
elapsedTime Session duration in ms
completed 0 = Test was not completed
1 = Test was completed
order 'reward->punish' vs. 'punish->reward'
meanRTBaseline The baseline mean reaction time in ms
sdBaseline The standard deviation of the baseline reaction times in ms
baselineRT60 The 60th percentile reaction time (in ms) based on mean and standard deviation
X = z-score(60th percentile)*SD + mean
totalControl The total earned in control condition
totalReward The total earned in reward condition
totalPunishment The total earned in punishment condition
propCorrectIncentiveReward Proportion correct for incentive trials in the reward condition
propCorrectNonIncentiveReward Proportion correct for nonincentive trials in the reward condition
propCorrectIncentivePunishment Proportion correct for incentive trials in the punishment condition
propCorrectNonIncentivePunishment Proportion correct for nonincentive trials in the punishment condition
propCorrectIncentiveControl Proportion correct for incentive trials in the control condition
propCorrectNonIncentiveControl Proportion correct for nonincentive trials in the control condition

Raw Data

File Name: monetaryincentivedelaytask_raw*.iqdat

Data Fields

NameDescription
build Inquisit version number
computer.platform Device platform: win | mac |ios | android
date Date the session was run
time Time the session was run
subject, group, With the current subject/groupnumber
session Session number
blockCode Name of the current block
blockNum Number of the current block
trialCode Name of the current trial
trialNum Number of the current trial
expCondition 0 = control condition; 1 = Reward condition; 2 = Punishment Condition
order 'reward->punish' vs. 'punish->reward'
incentiveCondition 1 = incentive; 2 = nonincentive
delayDuration The current delay duration in ms
targetDuration The current target duration in ms (also the response window)
baselineRT60 The 60th percentile reaction time (in ms) based on mean and standard deviation
X = z-score(60th percentile)*SD + mean
stimulusItem The presented stimuli in order of trial presentation (only static elements)
response The participant's response (here: scancode of response button)
correct The correctness of the response (1 = correct; 0 = incorrect)
latency The response latency (in ms)
totalControl The total earned in control condition
totalReward The total earned in reward condition
totalPunishment The total earned in punishment condition

Parameters

The procedure can be adjusted by setting the following parameters.

NameDescriptionDefault
Design Parameters
rewardWin: The number of points ($) won in the Reward condition 1
punishmentLoss: The number of points ($) lost in the Punishment condition 1
punishmentStartAmount: The amount of money provided at the beginning of the punishment condition 20
rewardStartAmount: The amount of money provided at the beginning of the reward condition 0
controlStartAmount: The amount of money provided at the beginning of the control condition 0
presentTotal: True = present the "Total earned" throughout Reward and Punishment Blocks.
false = does not present the "Total earned" throughout Reward and Punishment Blocks.
true
Timing Parameters
cueDuration: The duration of the cue in ms 500
feedbackDuration: The duration of the feedback in ms 500
trialDuration: The duration of a complete trial sequence in ms 6000
Sizing Parameters
stimSize: The size of the cues/targets as percentages of canvas height 10%
Response Key
responseKey: The response key
the expressions under Editable values can be changed to change the 10 targetdurations.
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