Short Story Task - MCQ

Technical Manual

Script Author: Katja Borchert, Ph.D. (katjab@millisecond.com), Millisecond

Created: January 03, 2026

Last Modified: January 06, 2026 by K. Borchert (katjab@millisecond.com), Millisecond

Script Copyright © Millisecond Software, LLC

Background

This script implements the Short Story Task with Multiple Choice Questions (SST-MCQ) by Goodhew & Edwards (2026). The SST-MCQ is a measure of individual differences in 'theory of mind ability' for adult participants. The task is based on the original open-ended question SST by Dodell-Feder et al (2013) but improves scoring and test administration for large-sample studies.

References

Goodhew, S. C., & Edwards, M. (2026). Measuring Theory of Mind: A Multiple-Choice Response Format Version of the Short Story Task. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-026-07236-0

Dodell-Feder, D., Lincoln, S. H., Coulson, J. P., & Hooker, C. I. (2013). Using Fiction to Assess Mental State Understanding: A New Task for Assessing Theory of Mind in Adults. PloS One, 8(11), e81279. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0081279

Duration

20 minutes

Description

Participants are asked to read a short story ("The End of Something" by E. Hemingway) and answer several multiple-choice questions about the story and its two main characters. The first three questions are simple comprehension check questions to ensure that participants read the story. The remaining questions assess an individual's ability to infer the story characters’ mental states that are left implicit by the story teller. All participants get 10 core questions, however, depending on their answers they may get up to 10 additional questions.

Procedure

(1) Story Presentation/Reading (Story: 'The End of Something' by E. Hemingway; but title and author are not mentioned)
-> Participants need to explicitly agree that they have 'read the story fully' in order to continue

(2) Prior Story Knowledge Screening:
- Yes/No Question asking participants if they have studied this story before

(3) Comprehension Question Check:
3 simple multiple choice questions to ensure participants have read the story
- questions are presented one at a time (no back-navigation)
- no feedback provided

(4) ToM Assessment of the implicit mental states of the story's characters:
- 10-20 questions, depending on response pattern
- questions are presented one at a time (no back-navigation)
- no feedback provided

Stimuli

• Short Story:
'The End of Something' by E. Hemingway -> in the public domain

• SST-MCQ questions provided by Goodhew & Edwards (2026)

Instructions

provided by Goodhew & Edwards (2026)

Scoring

Sstmcqscore
Scoring follows the guidelines by Goodhew & Edwards (2026, Appendix B)
The core set questions receive point(s) for correct answers when they had four response options.
Correct responses on core questions with fewer response option do not earn points but give participants access
to point-scoring follow-up questions.

Summary Data

File Name: shortstorytask_mcq_summary*.iqdat

Data Fields

NameDescription
inquisit.version Inquisit version number
computer.platform Device platform: win | mac |ios | android
computer.touch 0 = device has no touchscreen capabilities; 1 = device has touchscreen capabilities
computer.hasKeyboard 0 = no external keyboard detected; 1 = external keyboard detected
startDate Date the session was run
startTime Time the session was run
subjectId Participant ID
groupId Group number
sessionId Session number
elapsedTime Session duration in ms
completed 0 = Test was not completed
1 = Test was completed
screeningPass 1 = screening was passed (has no prior knowledge of the story); 0 = screening was failed
comprehensionScore Max 3 (and fewer points and it's questionable whether participant has read the story)
sstMcqScore Up to 21; the higher the score the better the implicit mental states were inferred -> higher ToM Abilities

Raw Data

File Name: shortstorytask_mcq_raw*.iqdat

Data Fields

NameDescription
build Inquisit version number
computer.platform Device platform: win | mac |ios | android
computer.touch 0 = device has no touchscreen capabilities; 1 = device has touchscreen capabilities
computer.hasKeyboard 0 = no external keyboard detected; 1 = external keyboard detected
date Date the session was run
time Time the session was run
subject Participant ID
group Group number
session Session number
blockcode The name the current block (built-in Inquisit variable)
blocknum The number of the current block (built-in Inquisit variable)
trialcode The name of the currently recorded trial (built-in Inquisit variable)
trialnum The number of the currently recorded trial (built-in Inquisit variable)
trialnum is a built-in Inquisit variable; it counts all trials run
even those that do not store data to the data file.
phase "story", "screening", "comprehension", "toM assessment"
maxPoints The maximum number of points that can be earned for the current 'assessment' question (Range: 0-2)
response The response made (1=A,2=B,3=C,4=D)
corrResp The correct response for the current question
acc 1 = correct response; 0 = error; "" -> not assessed
latency The response latency in ms
screeningPass 1 = screening was passed (has no prior knowledge of the story); 0 = screening was failed
comprehensionScore Max 3 (fewer points and it's questionable whether participant has read the story)
sstMcqScore Up to 21; the higher the score the better the implicit mental states were inferred -> higher ToM Abilities

Parameters

The procedure can be adjusted by setting the following parameters.

NameDescriptionDefault
Timing Parameters
continueDelayMS The delay (in ms) of the Yes/No buttons on the story page that allow participants to move on200