___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ *Emotional Adaptive Dual nback Task* ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Script Author: Katja Borchert, Ph.D. (katjab@millisecond.com) for Millisecond Software, LLC last updated: 02-25-2022 by K. Borchert (katjab@millisecond.com) for Millisecond Software, LLC Script Copyright © 02-25-2022 Millisecond Software ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ BACKGROUND INFO ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ This Inquisit script provides trials and instructions for adaptive DUAL n-back tasks with words and paired images that appear in 16 different screen locations (see Schweitzer et al, 2013). This script is uses the Inquisit framework of the dual n-back script that follows the procedure for adaptive dual nback tasks provided by Jaeggi et al (2010). This script provides code to run N=1 to infinite levels of N. Reference: Jaeggi S.M, Studer-Luethi, B., Buschkuehl, M, Su, Y.-F., Jonides, J., Perrig, W.J. (2010). The relationship between n-back performance and matrix reasoning - implications for training and transfer. Intelligence, 38, 625-635. Schweizer,S., Grahn,G., Hampshire,A., Mobbs,D. and Dalgleish, T. (2013). Training the Emotional Brain: Improving Affective Control through Emotional Working Memory Training. The Journal of Neuroscience, 33(12):5301–5311 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ TASK DESCRIPTION ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ In dual n-back tasks, participants are presented with two sequences of stimuli in two modalities at the same time Here: a) VISUAL: a random sequence of images (paired with auditory words) that can be presented in 16 different locations on the screen and b) AUDITORY: a random sequence of 20 spoken words In each trial one visual and one auditory stimulus are presented and participants are asked to indicate whether the currently presented stimuli fulfill the following criteria: for N=1 trials: - is the location of the image the same as the one in the previous trial? If so (it's a target), and press "A". If not, don't press "A". - is the word the same as the one in the previous trial? If so (it's a target), and press "L". If not, don't press "L". for N=2 trials: - is the location of the image the same as the one two trials before? If so (it's a target), and press "A". If not, don't press "A". - is the word the same as the one two trials before? If so (it's a target), and press "L". If not, don't press "L". etc. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ DURATION ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ the default set-up of the script takes appr. 20 minutes to complete ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ DATA FILE INFORMATION ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The default data stored in the data files are: (1) Raw data file: 'emotionaladaptivedualnback_raw.iqdat' (a separate file for each participant) build: The specific Inquisit version used (the 'build') that was run computer.platform: the platform the script was run on (win/mac/ios/android) date, time: date and time script was run subject, group, with the current subject/groupnumber session: with the current session id blockcode, blocknum: the name and number of the current block (built-in Inquisit variable) trialcode, trialnum: the name and number of the currently recorded trial (built-in Inquisit variable) Note: trialnum is a built-in Inquisit variable; it counts all trials run; even those that do not store data to the data file. TotalBlocks: the total number of experimental blocks run N: the type of N-back trial starttrialcounter: counts the number of start trials run visualStim: image presented v_position: contains the position of the current image (1-16) xpos: horizontal coordinate of the current image position (proportion of canvas) ypos: vertical coordinate of the current image position (proportion of canvas) v_currenttarget: the position number of the current target shape audioStim: audio Stim presented a_stimnumber: contains item number of the currently presented text v_currenttarget: the item number of the current target text 1response: the value of the first response (if any) 2response: the value of the second response (if any) correct: 1 = if correct response, 0 = otherwise 1latency: the latency value of 1response (in ms) 2latency: the latency value of 2response (in ms) latency: the latency value of the last response made (if any), MAX=3000 (=no response made) trial_Hitv: trial Hit for visual stimulus (1 = hit, 0 = no hit) (visual Hit: any trial response -either the first or the second- for a visual target) trial_Missv: trial Miss for visual stimulus (1 = miss, 0 = no miss) (visual Miss: no trial response for a visual target if a visual target was presented) trial_CRv: trial Correct Rejection for visual stimulus (1 = CR, 0 = no CR) (visual CR: no trial response for a visual target if no visual target was presented) trial_FAv: trial False Alarm for visual stimulus (1 = FA, 0 = no FA) (visual FA: any trial response for visual target -either the first or the second- if no visual target was presented) trial_Hita: trial Hit for auditory stimulus (1 = hit, 0 = no hit) (auditory Hit: any trial response -either the first or the second- for an auditory target) trial_Missa: trial Miss for auditory stimulus (1 = miss, 0 = no miss) (auditory Miss: no trial response for an auditory target if an auditory target was presented) trial_CRa: trial Correct Rejection for auditory stimulus (1 = CR, 0 = no CR) (auditory CR: no trial response for an auditory target if no auditory response was presented) trial_FAa: trial False Alarm for auditory stimulus (1 = FA, 0 = no FA) (auditory FA: any trial response for an auditory target -either the first or the second- if no auditory response was presented) v_Hits: the number of Hits for visual modality v_FalseA: the number of False Alarms for visual modality v_Misses: the number of Misses for visual modality v_CorrReject: the number of Correct Rejections for visual modality a_Hits: the number of Hits for auditory modality a_FalseA: the number of False Alarms for auditory modality a_Misses: the number of Misses for auditory modality a_CorrReject: the number of Correct Rejections for auditory modality consecutive3: 1 = at some point during the block, participant responded correctly to 3+ consecutive trials; 0 = otherwise consecutive5: 1 = at some point during the block, participant responded incorrectly to 5+ consecutive trials; 0 = otherwise (2) Summary data file: 'emotionaladaptivedualnback_summary*.iqdat' (a separate file for each participant) inquisit.version: Inquisit version run computer.platform: the platform the script was run on (win/mac/ios/android) startDate: date script was run startTime: time script was started subjectid: assigned subject id number groupid: assigned group id number sessionid: assigned session id number elapsedTime: time it took to run script (in ms); measured from onset to offset of script completed: 0 = script was not completed (prematurely aborted); 1 = script was completed (all conditions run) totalBlocks: the total number of blocks run v_TotalHits: the number of total hits across all experimental blocks for the visual modality a_TotalHits: the number of total hits across all experimental blocks for the auditory modality v_TotalFA: the number of total false alarms across all experimental blocks for the visual modality a_TotalFA: the number of total false alarms across all experimental blocks for the auditory modality __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ EXPERIMENTAL SET-UP ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (1) Dual n-back Experiment (adaptive) information: - participants start out at level N = 1 and depending on performance, move up or stay on level N = 1 N increase: 3+ consecutive trials correct N decrease: 5+ consecutive trials incorrect "if 3+ consecutive trials were completed accurately, the level of n-back increased by one on the next block. Conversely, if five or more successive trials were completed inaccurately, the level of n-back decreased by 1 on the next block." (Schweitzer et al, 2013, p.5303) (Note: if both events occur in one trial, the N stays effectively the same in this script) - After a total of 20 blocks, the experiment ends (2) Dual n-back BLOCK information: - Each dual n-task block consists of 20 + trials. => + trials are the N trials that cannot display target shapes yet (=start trials). Their numbers vary depending on N. The data collected during these start trials are NOT included in performance counts for Correct Rejections/False Alarms. => Of the actual 20 experimental trials, 4 present a visual target only, 4 present an auditory target only, 2 present both targets and 10 present no targets at all - The computer selects randomly a) which kind of trial b) what word/ image location to use if it is not a target (3) Dual n-back TRIAL information: - Each trial presents the image/word for 500ms and waits another 2500ms before ending the trial. Another 500ms are reserved for auditory feedback before the next image/word in the sequence are presented. - Participants have 3000ms to respond by pressing "A", "L", or both if they detect a target or two. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ STIMULI ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Visual Stimuli: - 20 example stimuli taken from NIMSTIM (2 female sets with 5 images, 2 male sets with 5 images) The images can easily be exchanged under: item.images under section EDITABLE STIMULI Note: each block randomly selects 1 female and 1 male set (10 stimuli total per block) (across the 20 blocks each set is run equally often) Auditory Stimuli: - this script uses 10 auditory stimuli (10 negative adjectives recorded by a female American native speaker) The stimuli can be exchanged under: item.audiowords under section EDITABLE STIMULI ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ INSTRUCTIONS ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The instructions are not original to Schweizer et al (2013). They are based on the instructions used for Adaptive Dual n-back task by Jaeggi et al (2010). The instructions are presented by using Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) images. Check section EDITABLE INSTRUCTIONS for more information. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ EDITABLE CODE ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ check below for (relatively) easily editable parameters, stimuli, instructions etc. Keep in mind that you can use this script as a template and therefore always "mess" with the entire code to further customize your experiment. The parameters you can change are: /StartN: the starting N (Note: StartN > 0), default: 1 /NumberTestBlocks: Number of test blocks run (default is 20) /stimulusPresentationtime: the presentation time (in ms) of the stimuli (default: 500ms) /SOA: the stimulus onset asynchrony in ms (default: 3000ms); also Response Window !!!In this script: Response Window = 3000 ms + 500 ms feedback => actual SOA is 3500ms (500ms more than advertised) /imageSize: the size of the images in proportion to the canvas height (here: 23%) /Debugmode: Debugmode = 1, target alerts are presented Debugmode = 0, target alerts are turned-off (default)