___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ *Whack-a-mole: go/nogo task for children* *mouse input: 2-response task* *left mouse button = go response; right mouse button = nogo response* (German instructions) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Script Author: Katja Borchert, Ph.D. (katjab@millisecond.com) for Millisecond Software, LLC Date: 03-04-2021 last updated: 12-14-2023 by K. Borchert (katjab@millisecond.com) for Millisecond Software, LLC Script Copyright © 12-14-2023 Millisecond Software German translations provided by K. Borchert for Millisecond Software ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ BACKGROUND INFO ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ This script implements an Inquisit implementation of the 'Whack-a-mole' task, a go/nogo task for children, published at: http://fablab.yale.edu/page/assays-tools Project downloaded: WackAMole.zip The Inquisit implementation of this script is based on e-prime script 'WackTheMole1.5__go_left.es' but includes a practice block. This script uses 2 response buttons of the mouse as the 'go' and 'nogo' response. The downloaded project comes with two 'whack-a-mole' e-prime scripts as well as several information files. - 'mole_agree.html' (included with this script as well) - please read - 'Mole_Instrux.pdf' (additional verbal instructions) - 'Mole_Parameters.pdf' (see below under Task Description) Millisecond Software was given permission to include this task in the Millisecond Library by Dr. BJ Casey. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ TASK DESCRIPTION ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The following information is provided by 'Mole_Parameters.pdf' (downloaded with original eprime script package): Wack-A-Mole Task • Wack the Mole (WTM) is a version of the Go/NoGo paradigm, a response inhibition task (Casey et al, 1997). • WTM is designed to examine how parametrically manipulating preceding context (the number of Go trials) affects inhibition of a preponent response (NoGo trials). (Durston et al, 2002) • As the number of Go trials increases, the salience of the “go” response increases. Thus, increasing Go trials is expected to increase the conflict between the two responses and require greater cognitive control. Task design • Subjects are asked to press a button in response to visually presented stimuli (a mole), but to avoid responding to a less frequent non-target (an eggplant). • The task consists of four runs, which lasted on average 2 min and 21 seconds each. Each run contains an average total of 53 trials, with an average of 42 go trials, resulting in an average of 12 NoGo trials per run. • The type of NoGo trial (with 1-7 preceding Go trials) was weighted such that more Go trials preceded NoGos in the first and last runs. The order of presentation of the different types of NoGo trials was pseudorandomized. Stimulus duration was 1500 milliseconds. The interstimulus interval is 5 seconds. References: Casey, B. J., Trainor, R. J., Orendi, J. L., Schubert, A. B., Nystrom,L. E., Giedd, J. N., Castellanos, F. X., Haxby, J. V., Noll, D. C., Cohen, J. D., Forman, S. D., Dahl, R. E., & Rapoport, J. L. (1997). A developmental functional MRI study of prefrontal activation during performance of a Go-No-Go task. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 9, 835–847. Durston, S., Tottenham, N. T., Thomas, K. M., Davidson, M. C., Eigsti, I. M., Yang, Y., Ulug, A. M., Casey, B. J. (2003) Differential patterns of striatal activation in young children with and without ADHD. Biological Psychiatry, 15, 871-878. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ DURATION ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ the default set-up of the script takes appr. 12 minutes to complete ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ DATA FILE INFORMATION ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The default data stored in the data files are: (1) Raw data file: 'whackamole_gonogo_leftkey_raw*.iqdat' (a separate file for each participant)* build: The specific Inquisit version used (the 'build') that was run computer.platform: the platform the script was run on (win/mac/ios/android) date, time: date and time script was run subject, group: with the current subject/groupnumber session: with the current session id blockcode, blocknum: the name and number of the current block (built-in Inquisit variable) trialcode, trialnum: the name and number of the currently recorded trial (built-in Inquisit variable) Note: trialnum is a built-in Inquisit variable; it counts all trials run; even those that do not store data to the data file such as feedback trials. Thus, trialnum may not reflect the number of main trials run per block. run: practice, 1, 2, 3, 4 routine: n1, n2, n3, n4, n5 (the routine the current trial is run under) condition: g1-g5: numbers the go trials in the current routine ng1-ng5: numbers the nogo trial after the last go trial count iti: intertrial interval duration (in ms) response: the participant's response lbuttondown = left mouse button rbuttondown = right mouse button 0 = no response respCategory: 1 = correct response 2 = incorrect response 3 = no response correct: accuracy of response: 1 = correct response; 0 = otherwise latency: the response latency (in ms); measured from: onset of image stimulusitem: the presented stimuli in order of trial presentation (2) Summary data file: 'whackamole_gonogo_leftkey_summary*.iqdat' (a separate file for each participant)* inquisit.version: Inquisit version run computer.platform: the platform the script was run on (win/mac/ios/android) startDate: date script was run startTime: time script was started subjectid: assigned subject id number groupid: assigned group id number sessionid: assigned session id number elapsedTime: time it took to run script (in ms); measured from onset to offset of script completed: 0 = script was not completed (prematurely aborted); 1 = script was completed (all conditions run) goTrials: number of go trials across all runs and routines cGo: number of correct go trials across all runs and routines iGo: number of incorrect response go trials (pressed wrong mouse button) across all runs and routines nrGo: number of no response go trials across all runs and routines nogoTrials: number of nogo trials across all runs and routines cNoGo: number of correct nogo trials across all runs and routines iNoGo: number of incorrect response nogo trials (pressed wrong mouse button) across all runs and routines nrNoGo: number of no response nogo trials across all runs and routines * separate data files: to change to one data file for all participants (on Inquisit Lab only), go to section "DATA" and follow further instructions ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ EXPERIMENTAL SET-UP ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The script uses 8 different 'routines' that differ in the number of go trials that precede one nogo trial: n0: 1 nogo trial n1: 1 go trial -> 1 nogo trial n2: 2 go trials -> 1 nogo trial n3: 3 go trials -> 1 nogo trial n4: 4 go trials -> 1 nogo trial n5: 5 go trials -> 1 nogo trial n6: 6 go trials -> 1 nogo trial n7: 7 go trials -> 1 nogo trial (1) Practice: - runs 3 routines in sequence: n2, n4, n1 (10 trials total: 7 go, 3 nogo trials) - participants receive feedback after each response (2) Test: 4 runs (in fixed sequence); - routines run by each run can be edited under section "Editable Lists" - if the number of routines run is changed, edited the expt-element at the end of the script accordingly Run1: - runs 12 routines (n2,n4,n2,n7,n4,n5,n5,n3,n6,n7,n1,n3) in random order => 61 trials total (49 go: 12 nogo trials) - participants receive feedback after each response Run2: - runs 11 routines (n3,n7,n6,n5,n0,n2,n1,n0,n4,n1,n6) in random order => 46 trials total (35 go: 11 nogo trials) - participants receive feedback after each response Run3: - runs 11 routines (n0,n3,n6,n4,n6,n4,n0,n5,n1,n2,n1) in random order => 43 trials total (32 go: 11 nogo trials) - participants receive feedback after each response Run4: - runs 12 routines (n7,n1,n0,n3,n6,n7,n3,n6,n7,n2,n5,n4) in random order => 63 trials total (51 go: 12 nogo trials) - participants receive feedback after each response Routine Count across the 4 runs: n0: 5 n1: 6 n2: 5 n3: 6 n4: 6 n5: 5 n6: 7 n7: 6 Trial Sequence (default timing based on e-prime script; can be edited under section Editable Parameters): Go Trial (Mole): - Mole image presented for max. 1500ms - feedback for: 300ms - empty hole for iti duration (variable): iti = 2000ms (parameters.totalTrialDuration) - RT (Note: for noresponses, the RT is the max. stimulusduration = 1500) => total duration: 2300ms Nogo Trial (Vegetable) - Vegetable image presented for max. 1500ms (Note: the duration of the vegetable is shorter by 500ms) - feedback for: 300ms - empty hole for iti duration (variable): iti = 2000ms (parameters.totalTrialDuration) - RT (Note: for noresponses, the RT is the max. stimulusduration = 1500) => total duration: 2300ms ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ STIMULI ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ taken from original e-prime script 'WackTheMole1.5__go_left.es' http://fablab.yale.edu/page/assays-tools (converted to png files) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ INSTRUCTIONS ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ taken from original e-prime script 'WackTheMole1.5__go_left.es' http://fablab.yale.edu/page/assays-tools - slightly adapted ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ EDITABLE CODE ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ check below for (relatively) easily editable parameters, stimuli, instructions etc. Keep in mind that you can use this script as a template and therefore always "mess" with the entire code to further customize your experiment. The parameters you can change are: