___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Alcohol Go/Nogo Task ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Script Author: Katja Borchert, Ph.D. (katjab@millisecond.com) for Millisecond Software, LLC Date: 12-21-2017 last updated: 10-03-2024 by K. Borchert (katjab@millisecond.com) for Millisecond Software, LLC Script Copyright © 10-03-2024 Millisecond Software ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ BACKGROUND INFO ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Go/Nogo Tasks are used as behavioral measures of inhibition and cognitive control. The Alcohol Go/No Tasks leverages this paradigm to investigate cognitive control to alcoholic stimuli. The implemented procedure is based on: Amesa, S.L., Wong, S.W., Bechara, A., Cappelli, C., Dust, M., Grenard, J.L., & Alan W. Stacy, A.W. (2014). Neural correlates of a Go/NoGo task with alcohol stimuli in light and heavy young drinkers. Behavioural Brain Research, 274, 382–389. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ TASK DESCRIPTION ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ This is a basic go-nogo task. Participants are asked to press the spacebar for a go-stimulus (here: non-alcoholic beverages) and withhold the response for nogo stimuli (here: alcoholic beverages). ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ DURATION ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ the default set-up of the script takes appr. 15 minutes to complete __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ DATA FILE INFORMATION ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The default data stored in the data files are: (1) Raw data file: 'alcoholgonogo_raw*.iqdat' (a separate file for each participant)* build: The specific Inquisit version used (the 'build') that was run computer.platform: the platform the script was run on (win/mac/ios/android) date, time: date and time script was run subject, group: with the current subject/groupnumber session: with the current session id blockcode, blocknum: the name and number of the current block (built-in Inquisit variable) trialcode, trialnum: the name and number of the currently recorded trial (built-in Inquisit variable) Note: trialnum is a built-in Inquisit variable; it counts all trials run; even those that do not store data to the data file such as feedback trials. Thus, trialnum may not reflect the number of main trials run per block. phase: "practice" vs "test" practiceBlocks: running count of the number of practice blocks run fixationDuration: stores the sampled fixation duration (in ms) for the current trial stim: stores the item presented as go/nogo stimulus response: the participant's response (scancode of response button): 57 = space bar 0 = no response correct: accuracy of response: 1 = correct response; 0 = otherwise latency: the response latency (in ms); measured from: onset of stimulus until response or trial time out list.ACC.mean: proportion correct responses in the current block (2) Summary data file: 'alcoholgonogo_summary*.iqdat' (a separate file for each participant)* inquisit.version: Inquisit version run computer.platform: the platform the script was run on (win/mac/ios/android) startDate: date script was run startTime: time script was started subjectid: assigned subject id number groupid: assigned group id number sessionid: assigned session id number elapsedTime: time it took to run script (in ms); measured from onset to offset of script completed: 0 = script was not completed (prematurely aborted); 1 = script was completed (all conditions run) practiceBlocks: number of practice blocks run failPractice: 1 (true)= participant failed practice (mean proportion correct during the last practice block < minPracticeACC); and test was skipped. 0 (false)= participant passed practice if test was run (Practice Failure = 0): numberGoTrials: number of Go trials in the test block numberNogoTrials: number of Nogo trials in the test block hitrate: calculates the Hit rate (hit = proportion of correctly hitting the spacebar for go-trials) missrate: the Miss rate (1-hitrate) FArate*: calculates the False Alarm (commission) rate (FA = proportion of incorrectly hitting the spacebar for nogo-trials) => the higher the commission rate, the lower cognitive control in the face of alcoholic stimuli CRrate: the Correct Rejection rate (1-FArate) //signal detection measures: z_hitrate: calculates the z-score for the hitRate. Adjustments are made if the hitRate = 0 (increased to 0.005) or 1 (decreased to 0.995)* z_FArate*: calculates the z-score for the false alarm rate. Adjustments are made if the faRate = 0 (increased to 0.005) or 1 (decreased to 0.995)* dprime: difference btw. (zscore of hitrate - zscore of FArate): measure of Sensitivity => Range (in this script): -5.1516586840152740479 <= dprime <= 5.1516586840152740479 (=perfect performance) => The higher the value, the better signals were overall distinguished from noise (d' = 0: chance performance; negative d-primes: participant treated nontargets as targets and targets as nontargets) c: c-criterion in signal detection:The absolute value of c provides an indication of the strength of the response bias/response style negative: participant more likely to report that signal is present (liberal response style); may favor faster responding in speed-accuracy trade-off response paradigms positive: favoring caution (conservative response style) meanRT_hits: mean response times (ms) of hits during test trials SDRT_hits: standard deviation of hit latencies during test trials medianRT_hits: median response times (ms) of hits during test trials minRT_hit: minimum response time (ms) of hits during test trials (= fastest hit response) maxRT_hit: maximum response time (ms) of hits during test trials (= slowest hit response) *Adjustments to z-scores as recommended by: Gregg, A. & Sedikides, C. (2010). Narcissistic Fragility: Rethinking Its Links to Explicit and Implicit Self-esteem, Self and Identity, 9:2, 142-161 (p.148) * separate data files: to change to one data file for all participants (on Inquisit Lab only), go to section "DATA" and follow further instructions ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ EXPERIMENTAL SET-UP ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1. Practice Block: (default settings - see section Editable Parameters for possible changes) - max. 8 practice blocks - each practice blocks runs 10 trials - if proportion correct of the current practice block is >= 0.9 (editable default setting), practice ends and the test phase commences - proportion correct after the 8th practice block is still < 0.9 (editable default setting), the task prematurely aborts - errorfeedback (red X) during practice trials 2. Test Block: (default settings - see section Editable Parameters for possible changes) - 200 trials total => 160 go trials: 40 nogo trials - order of go and nogo trials is randomly determined - no errorfeedback Trial Timings: fixation cross (variable duration)* -> stim presentation for max. 1500ms (if no response is given trial terminates after 1500ms after onset of stim; if response is provided before 1500ms a fixation cross replaces the stim for the remainder of the 1500ms stim duration)-> next trial: fixation cross -> ... *fixation cross timings: see list.fixationDurations under section Editable Lists By default, the script selects randomly with replacement from durations 1000-3000 (steps of 100ms) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ STIMULI ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ provided by Millisecond Software - can be edited under section Editable Stimuli Note: the stimuli presented are based on the stimuli used by Amesa et al (2014). Additional stimuli can be added to item.goStims and item.nogoStims ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ INSTRUCTIONS ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ provided by Millisecond Software - can be edited under section Editable Instructions. The instructions provided are not original to Amesa et al (2014). Note: if additional stimuli are added to the design, 'gonogo_intro.htm' might have to be edited to display the added stimuli. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ EDITABLE CODE ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ check below for (relatively) easily editable parameters, stimuli, instructions etc. Keep in mind that you can use this script as a template and therefore always "mess" with the entire code to further customize your experiment. The parameters you can change are: check below for (relatively) easily editable parameters, stimuli, instructions etc. Keep in mind that you can use this script as a template and therefore always "mess" with the entire code to further customize your experiment. The parameters you can change are: /fixationSize: proportional height of fixation cross (proportional to canvas height) (default: 8%) /picSize: proportional height of images (proportional to canvas height) (default: 50%) /numberOfTesttrials: the number of test trials that should be run (default: 200) Note: if this number is changed, the new number should work with parameters 'goFrequency/nogoFrequency' /goFrequency: proportion of go trials to be run (default: 0.8) /nogoFrequency: proportion of nogo trials to be run (default: 0.2) Note: these proportions should result in integer numbers of trials given the numberOfTesttrials /readyDuration: the duration (in ms) of the 'get ready trial' (default: 2000ms) /StimDuration: the duration (in ms) of the image presentations (default: 1500ms) Note: participants have the entire StimDuration to respond /maxPracticeBlocks: the maximum number of practice blocks to be run (default: 8) /trialsPerPracticeBlock: the number of trials per practice blocks Note: the number should be an even number, as the ratio of go:nogo trials = 1:1 during practice /minPracticeACC: the cut-off proportion correct during practice to stop the practice phase (default: 0.9) Notes: - with 10 trials per block (default), participant can only make 1 error to pass the current practice block - to remove the performance constraint, set minPracticeACC = 0. In this case, participants run one practice block and move on to the test regardless of practice performance.