Script Author: Katja Borchert, Ph.D. (katjab@millisecond.com), Millisecond
Millisecond thanks Ricardo Wilhelm for his collaboration on this script!
Created: January 15, 2016
Last Modified: January 03, 2024 by K. Borchert (katjab@millisecond.com), Millisecond
Script Copyright © Millisecond Software, LLC
This script implements the Monetary Incentive Delay GoNogo Task; a task to induce anticipation of reward and punishment within the inhibition and control framework of a go/nogo task.
The implemented procedure is based on the published procedure in Behan et al (2015).
Behan, B., Stone, A., and Garavan, H. (2015). Right Prefrontal and Ventral Striatum Interactions Underlying Impulsive Choice and Impulsive Responding. Human Brain Mapping, 36, 187–198.
40 minutes
Participants work through a cued gongo task with certain (= always followed by a go target) and uncertain (= half followed by a go and half are followed by a nogo target) go cues. Half the go cues (e.g. all green go cues) result in the possibility of a monetary reward, half the nogo cues (e.g. all green nogo cues) result in the possibility of a monetary loss. In a typical trial, participants see a fixation cross followed by a cue (either a square or a circle in either blue or green) for a variable time. The target (either a star = go or a stop sign = nogo) follows the cue. When participants see the star, they have to press the Spacebar as fast as possible. If the color of the cue was green, they will earn money for a hit response. When participants see the stop sign, they have to withold the response. If the color of the cue was green, they will lose money for a false alarm response but gain money for a correct rejection.
2 cue shapes (square vs. circle):
- certain cue (here: square)
- uncertain cue (here: circle)
2 cue reward colors (green vs. blue)
- monetary reinforced (reward, here: green)
- no monetary reinforcement (neutral, here: blue)
6 trial types:
CCGo_reward: certain go cue, can result in a monetary gain but no monetary loss
CCGo_neutral: certain go cue, cannot result in a monetary gain nor in a monetary loss
UCGo_reward: uncertain go cue with go target, can result in a monetary gain but no monetary loss
UCGo_neutral: uncertain go cue with go target, cannot result in a monetary gain nor in a monetary loss
UCNogo_reward: uncertain go cue with nogo target, can result in a monetary loss OR a monetary gain
UCNogo_neutral: uncertain go cue with nogo target, cannot result in a monetary loss nor in a monetary gain
1. Practice Block: 12 trials (2 of each trialtype)
2. 5 Test Blocks of 30 trials (5 of each trialtype) = 150 test trials total
(number of testblocks/number of trials per block are editable under section Editable Parameters)
- the order of the 6 trial types is randomized
!!! the script is set up in such a way that the following constraints can be imposed on the sampling process:
- no repeats of the same trials
- A UCGo_reward and UCNogo_reward trials are not presented one after another
- A UCGo_neutral and UCNogo_neutral trials are not presented one after another
Since sampling is done on the fly - in some circumstances not all constraints might be fulfilled.
To add those constraints, go to list.midRunTrialOrder under section 'BLOCKS' and follow instructions.
- 6 different fixation cross durations/cue durations are used an equal number of times within each block (see section Editable Lists)
- go target duration (= variable response window): starts at 400ms and decreases by 50ms with each hit and increases by 50ms with each miss
- nogo target duration (= constant response window): stays at 600ms
- go feedback: duration + last responsewindow = 2000ms
- nogo feedback: duration + last responsewindow = 2000 (because responsewindow stays constant, feedback duration stays constant)
Trial Sequence:
fixation cross (btw. 2.2s-7.5s) -> cue (btw. 2.5s-7.5s) -> target (go target: dynamically adapted response window; nogo target: 600ms response window)-> feedback (go feedback: dynamically adapted duration ; nogo feedback; 1400ms)
provided by Millisecond, see section Editable Stimuli
provided by Millisecond in the form of htm-files, see section Editable Instructions
File Name: monetaryincentivedelay_gonogo_summary*.iqdat
| Name | Description |
|---|---|
| inquisit.version | Inquisit version number |
| computer.platform | Device platform: win | mac |ios | android |
| startDate | Date the session was run |
| startTime | Time the session was run |
| subjectId | Participant ID |
| groupId | Group number |
| sessionId | Session number |
| elapsedTime | Session duration in ms |
| completed | 0 = Test was not completed 1 = Test was completed |
| certainGoShape | The shape of the certain Go shape |
| uncertainGoShape | The shape of the uncertain Go shape |
| rewardColor | The color of the shapes that get reinforced |
| neutralColor | The color of the reinforcement neutral shapes |
| propCorrect | Proportion correct response across all go and nogo trials |
| meanRT | Mean hit latency (in ms) across all go trials |
| sd | Standard deviation of all hit latencies (across all go trials) cc: certain cue (for a go-trial), uc: uncertain cue (could be followed by a go or nogo trial) |
| omissionsCCGo | Number of omission errors in certain cue go-trials |
| rOmmissionCCGo | Omission error rate in certain cue go-trials |
| rHitCCGo | Hit rate in certain cue go-trials |
| omissionsUCGo | Number of omission errors in UCGo trials |
| rOmissionUCGo | Omission error rate in UCGo trials |
| rHitUCGo | Hit rate in UCGo trials |
| commissionsUCNoGo | Number of commission errors in UCNogo trials |
| rCommissionUCNoGo | Commission error rate in UCNogo trials |
| rCorrRejectUCNoGo | Correct rejection rate in UCNogo trials |
Signal Detection Measures |
|
| zHitRateUC | Z-score of the rHitUCGo |
| zFaRateUC | Z-score of the commissionsUCNogo *Adjustments to z-scores as recommended by Gregg, A. & Sedikides, C. (2010). Narcissistic Fragility Rethinking Its Links to Explicit and Implicit Self-esteem, Self and Identity, 9:2, 142-161 (p.148) => Adjustments are made if the FArate (hitRate) = 0 (increased to 0.005) or 1 (decreased to 0.995)* |
| dPrimeUC | Computes d' (parametric measure of discriminability btw. signals and noise) for UC (uncertain cue) Trials => Range (in this script) -5.1516586840152740479 <= dprime <= 5.1516586840152740479 (=perfect performance) => The higher the value, the better signals (go stims) were distinguished from noise (nogo stims) (d' = 0: chance performance; negative d-primes: participant treated nontargets as targets and targets as nontargets) |
| cUC | C-criterion in signal detection:The absolute value of c provides an indication of the strength of the response bias/response style for UC (uncertain cue) Trials negative: participant more likely to report that signal (go stims) is present (liberal response style) may favor faster responding in speed-accuracy trade-off response paradigms positive: favoring caution (conservative response style) |
Response Time Data |
|
| meanRTCCGo | Mean hit latency (in ms) in CCGo trials |
| sdCCGo | Standard deviation of all CCGo hit latencies |
| meanRTUCGo | Mean hit latency (in ms) in UCGo trials |
| sdUCGo | Standard deviation of all UCGo hit latencies |
File Name: monetaryincentivedelay_gonogo_raw*.iqdat
| Name | Description |
|---|---|
| build | Inquisit version number |
| computer.platform | Device platform: win | mac |ios | android |
| date | Date the session was run |
| time | Time the session was run |
| subject, group, | With the current subject/groupnumber |
| session | Session number |
| blockCode | Name of the current block |
| blockNum | Number of the current block |
| trialCode | Name of the current trial |
| trialNum | Number of the current trial |
| certainGoShape | The shape of the certain Go shape |
| uncertainGoShape | The shape of the uncertain Go shape |
| rewardColor | The color of the shapes that get reinforced |
| neutralColor | The color of the reinforcement neutral shapes |
| trialType | "CCGo" (certain cue), "UCGo" (uncertain cue->go), "UCNogo" (uncertain cue-> nogo) |
| fixationDuration | The duration (in ms) of the fixation cross |
| cue | 1 = green square 2 = blue square 3 = green circle 4 = blue circle |
| cueShape | Stores the shape of the cue |
| cueColor | Stores the color of the cue |
| cueDuration | The duration (in ms) of the cue |
| reinforcement | "reward" vs. "neutral" |
| target | 0 = star (go) 1 = stop (nogo) |
| targetStim | Stores the target image presented |
| goResponseWindow | The current response window (in ms) for go trials |
| response | The participant's response |
| correct | The correctness of the response (1 = correct; 0 = incorrect) |
| latency | The response latency (in ms) |
| feedback | 0 = gain 1 = loss 2 = happy 3 = sad |
| feedbackDuration | The current duration (in ms) of feedback stimulus |
| total | The total earned |
The procedure can be adjusted by setting the following parameters.
| Name | Description | Default |
|---|---|---|
Responsekey |
||
| goKey | The go-response key | " " -> Spacebar |
Sizing Parameters |
||
| fixationSize | Proportional sizing of fixation cross | 5% of canvas height |
| cueSize | Proportional sizing of cue size | 20% of canvas height |
| targetSize | Proportional sizing of target size | 20% of canvas height |
| feedbackSize | Proportional sizing of feedback image size | 20% of canvas height |
Timing Parameters |
||
| startGOResponseWindow | Start duration (in ms) of go response window | 400ms |
| noGoResponseWindow | Constant duration (in ms) of nogo response window | 600ms |
| goRWAdjustment | Duration adjustment (in ms) of the go response window | 50ms |
| defaultFeedbackDuration | Default feedback duration (in ms) the feedback duration will get increased by the current response window | 1400ms |
| getReadyDurationMS | The duration (in ms) of the get-ready trial | 2000ms |
Design Parameters |
||
| monetaryGain | The monetary gain for a go hit/nogo correction rejection in the reward condition | 0.2 |
| monetaryLoss | The monetary loss for a nogo false alarm in the reward condition | 0.4 |
| numberOfTestBlocks | Sets the number of test blocks run | 5 |
| numberOfTestTrials | Sets the number of test trials run per test block needs to be a multiple of 6 | 30 |