Mr. Peanut Test of Visualspatial Memory in Children - Location and Color

Technical Manual

Script Author: Katja Borchert, Ph.D. (katjab@millisecond.com), Millisecond

Created: January 22, 2015

Last Modified: January 20, 2024 by K. Borchert (katjab@millisecond.com), Millisecond

Script Copyright © Millisecond Software, LLC

Background

This script runs a computerized version of the "MrPeanut task-C", a task of visuo-spatial memory of colored information for children.

The implemented procedure is based on the following publications:

(1) DE RIBAUPIERRE, Anik, BAILLEUX, Christine. Development of attentional capacity in childhood: A longitudinal study. In: Weinert, F.E. & Schneider, W. Memory performance and competencies: Issues in growth and development. Mahwah NJ : Lauwrence Erlbaum, 1995. p. 45-70

And

(2) Morra S. (1994). Issues in working memory measurement: Testing for M capacity. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 17, 143-159 (see MrCucumber Test)

Duration

15 minutes

Description

Participants view a clown figure called "Mr Peanut" who decorates himself with colorful stickers (in this script: 14 possible locations) for a set amount of time. Then Mr Peanut disappears and reappears without stickers. Participants are asked to select a sticker color and click on the locations of the stickers as they recall them.

Incorrect selections can be corrected (selecting a body part that already has a sticker results in sticker deletion). Recall for one image is over if a "Done" button is selected. This is NOT a timed task.

In this script: 2 ways of testing (see section Editable Values -> parameters.progressiveTesting)

1) progressive testing (see Morra, 1994): levels (1-7) are tested progressively. Participants get 3 trials per level. If a level is successfully mastered (at least one correct attempt per level), participants move up a level. If all 3 attempts per level fail, the test concludes. A values.progressiveTotalScore is calculated based on the rules outlined by Morra (1994): • for consecutive levels for which participant gets over 50% (for 3 trials -> 2/3) of the trials correct -> assign 1 • for remaining levels: add 1/3 point (depends on parameters.trialsPerLevel) for each correct response per level The order of the images is predetermined for the progressive testing mode (default setting)

2) all 21 images (7 levels * 3 images/level) are tested according to settings of list.indexSequence (see section Editable Lists -> Test Lists for more information) (either in random order or in a pre-determined order). This set-up is more in line with De Ribaupierre & Bailleux (1995).

Procedure

1. Instructions: includes a training to select colors and point to the sticker positions (with the mouse)
while the decorated Mr Peanut is still visible. At this point in practice, only correct selections
are accepted (if incorrect stickers are selected, they are NOT placed on the empty Mr Peanut)

2. Practice (3 trials):
-> participants have to select colors and place the stickers on the empty Mr Peanut
-> Participants can correct sticker placements by selecting already placed stickers. This re-selection
results in the deletion of this particular sticker.
-> a practice trial lasts until the 'done' button is selected
-> Incorrect attempts are repeated until correct

3. Test: 7 levels with 3 trials each
-> trial.presentPic: retrieves relevant sticker information for this picture and decorates the empty Mr. Peanut picture accordingly.
The duration of trial.presentPic can be set separately for each level under section "Editable Values".
A posttrialpause of 1000ms (editable parameter; can be increased or decreased) is added to wipe out iconic memory.
-> trial.recall: lets participants select the 14 different body parts.
Selections can be changed until the "done" button is selected.
participants can select up to 14 stickers for each trial.
-> trial.summary: assesses the accuracy of the responses (both locations AND sticker colors have to be correctly recalled and
the number of selected stickers has to match the number of presented stickers)

DV (progressive testing): values.progressiveTotalScore (see Morra, 1994)
scoring for progressive testing:
• for consecutive levels for which participant gets over 50% (for 3 trials -> 2/3) of the trials correct -> assign 1
• for remaining levels: add 1/3 point (depends on parameters.trialsPerLevel) for each correct response per level

Stimuli

under Editable Code -> Editable Stimuli -> item.mrPeanut
See section "Editable Lists" for lists that control the number and location of stickers for
practice and test sessions. Lists can be edited if different sticker arrangements should be run.

Instructions

provided by Millisecond under Editable Code -> Editable Instructions.
The instructions are based on those used by Dr. S. Morra.

Summary Data

File Name: mrpeanutC_summary*.iqdat

Data Fields

NameDescription
inquisit.version Inquisit version number
computer.platform Device platform: win | mac |ios | android
startDate Date the session was run
startTime Time the session was run
subjectId Participant ID
groupId Group number
sessionId Session number
elapsedTime Session duration in ms
completed 0 = Test was not completed
1 = Test was completed
progressiveTesting True (1) (default setting) = levels are tested progressively with 3 trials per level (if all three attempts fail at a level, the test concludes)
false (0) = 21 images are tested (7 levels * 3 images per level) in a random order
maxLevel Maximumm number of levels tested (default: 7)
finalLevel Highest successful (at least one correct response) level
totalTrials Tracks the number of trials across levels
errorAttempts Calculates the number of incorrect attempts
correctAttempts The number of correct attempts
progressiveTotalScore Scoring for progressive testing: (see Morra, 1994)
* for consecutive levels for which participant gets over 50% (for 3 trials -> 2/3)
of the trials correct -> assign 1
* for remaining levels: add 1/3 point for each correct response per level
(depends on Parameter-trialsPerLevel)

Raw Data

File Name: mrpeanutCRaw*.iqdat

Data Fields

NameDescription
build Inquisit version number
computer.platform Device platform: win | mac |ios | android
date Date the session was run
time Time the session was run
subject Participant ID
group Group number
session Session number
blockCode Name of the current block
blockNum Number of the current block
trialCode Name of the current trial
trialNum Number of the current trial
progressiveTesting True (1) (default setting) = levels are tested progressively with 3 trials per level (if all three attempts fail at a level, the test concludes)
false (0) = 21 images are tested (7 levels * 3 images per level) in a random order
attempts
totalTrials Tracks the number of attempts/trials started across levels
picPresentationTime Duration in ms that current Mr Peanut is presented
index The currently selected image index number
1, 2, 3 => 3 images for level 1
4, 5, 6 => 3 images for level 2
7, 8, 9 => 3 images for level 3
10, 11, 12 => 3 images for level 4
13, 14, 15 => 3 images for level 5
16, 17, 18 => 3 images for level 6
19, 20, 21 => 3 images for level 7
level Current level tested (1-7)
countStickers Counts the number of stickers placed on the current Mr Peanut
countCorrStickers Counts the correctly placed stickers per attempt on the current Mr Peanut
countCorrColors Counts the correct colors chosen
countCorrColorstickers Counts the correctly placed stickers of the correct color per attempt
errorAttempt 1 = error; (overall error evaluation)
0 = correct (color and placement of the correct number of stickers was correct)
consecutiveScoring Tracks whether consecutive scoring still applies to the current level
correctPerLevel Sums up the correct responses per level
progressiveTotalScore Scoring for progressive testing: (see Morra, 1994)
* for consecutive levels for which participant gets over 50% (for 3 trials -> 2/3)
of the trials correct -> assign 1
* for remaining levels: add 1/3 point for each correct response per level
(depends on Parameter-trialsPerLevel)
correctAttempts Calculates the number of correct attempts
finalLevel Highest successful (at least one correct response) level
responseString Stores all the selected body parts of the current picture in the order they were selected/de-selected
stop 1 = stop condition has been met; 0 = otherwise
Information about the currently presented image
nrStickers Stores the number of stickers of the currently presented Mr Peanut
legLColor -
noseColor Variables that store whether the currently presented Mr Peanut presented the following stickers
color name = a colored sticker of that color was presented on respective body part
0 = no sticker on body part was presented
legLSelectedColor-
noseSelectedColor Color name = body part was decorated with a sticker of that color
0 = body part was not decorated
presentedColorsList A string variable containing all the presented colors
selectedColorsList A string variable containing all the selected colors

Parameters

The procedure can be adjusted by setting the following parameters.

NameDescriptionDefault
progressiveTesting True (default setting) = levels are tested progressively with 3 trials per level (if all three attempts fail at a level, the test concludes)
false = 21 images are tested (7 levels * 3 images per level) in a random order
picPresentationTime1:-
picPresentationTime7 The time the current picture is presented in ms depending on level 1000ms/sticker
recallDelay Delay of recall trial in ms to wipe out iconic memory1000ms
iti The intertrial interval
stickerHeight Controls the size of the response buttons; in % of canvas height 10%
trialsPerLevel Number of images per level
! this should only be edited if the sticker lists under section "Editable Lists" are changed accordingly
3
maxLevel Maximumm number of levels tested
! this should only be edited if the sticker lists under section "Editable Lists" are changed accordingly
7