Significant Other Sequential Priming Paradigm

Technical Manual

Script Author: Vivian Zayas, Ph.D. (vz29@cornell.edu)

Last Modified: January 10, 2023 by K. Borchert (katjab@millisecond.com), Millisecond

Script Copyright © Millisecond Software, LLC

Background

This script implements a sequential priming paradigm that assesses positive and negative evaluations elicited by significant others.

In general, priming procedures are simple response-timed binary categorization tasks of items from two target categories (e.g. positive vs. negative adjectives). Priming Procedures are based on the assumption that people respond faster if the target category was already 'mentally activated' by briefly presenting items (called 'primes') that are closely connected in one's mind. Thus, a person should be faster to quickly categorize the target word 'good' as 'positive' after the brief presentation of the prime word 'ice-cream' than after the brief presentation of the prime word 'famine'. If the primes are presented with a temporal duration that can be consciously processed, the primes are called 'supraliminal'. If the duration of the primes is so short that they are outside one's conscious awareness the primes are called 'subliminal'.

In this script, target categories GOOD vs. BAD are primed by supraliminal information collected about one's significant other (such as names) and resulting response times are analyzed.

The script is based on:

Zayas, V. & Shoda, Y. (2015). Love you? Hate you? Maybe it's both: Significant persons trigger bi-valent priming. Social Psychological and Personality Science.

Fazio, R., Sanbonmatsu, D., Powell, M., & Kardes, F. (1986). On the automatic activation of attitudes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50, 229–238.

Duration

15 minutes

Description

After seeing a prime word (either a neutral word such as 'chair' or the name of the current significant other) participants are asked to categorize adjectives as positive or negative using the 'E' and 'I' key on their keyboards.

Procedure

Version EXPT 1: UP: Unpleasant (on the left) vs. Pleasant (on the right) (Neutral Word: Table)
Version EXPT 2: PU: Pleasant (on the left) vs. Unpleasant (on the right) (Neutral Word: Chair)
Participants are assigned to each version by groupnumber selection

Primes Are Partner Name And Neutral Word. Target Stimuli Are Pleasant/Unpleasant Words.
Discrimination is UNPLEASANT - PLEASANT or PLEASANT - UNPLEASANT.
BLOCK 3 = practice (16 trials) practice is repeated if mean response time > 1500ms and/or accuracy < 0.8
BLOCK 4,5 = DATA (80 trials each, in total 160 trials- 40 for each critical block,
i.e., partner-pleasant, partner-unpleasant, neutral-pleasant, neutral-unpleasant)

Trial:
PRIME (200MS), PAUSE (100MS), TARGET WORD (until response)

Stimuli

provided by authors (Name of Significant Other entered by participant)

Instructions

provided by authors

Summary Data

File Name: significantotherspp_summary*.iqdat

Data Fields

NameDescription
inquisit.version Inquisit version number
computer.platform Device platform: win | mac |ios | android
startDate Date the session was run
startTime Time the session was run
subjectId Participant ID
groupId Group number
sessionId Session number
elapsedTime Session duration in ms
completed 0 = Test was not completed
1 = Test was completed
propCorrectPartnerPleasant Proportion correct responses for trials in which partner name preceded a positive target
meanRTPartnerPleasant Mean correct response time (in ms) in trials in which partner name preceded a positive target
propCorrectPartnerUnpleasant Proportion correct responses for trials in which partner name preceded a negative target
meanRTPartnerUnpleasant Mean correct response time (in ms) in trials in which partner name preceded a negative target
propCorrectNeutralPleasant Proportion correct responses for trials in which Neutral object preceded a positive target
meanRTNeutralPleasant Mean correct response time (in ms) in trials in which Neutral object preceded a positive target
propCorrectNeutralUnpleasant Proportion correct responses for trials in which Neutral object preceded a negative target
meanRTNeutralUnpleasant Mean correct response time (in ms) in trials in which Neutral object preceded a negative target
diffRTPartner The difference 'corrRT(unpleasant targets) - corrRT(pleasant targets)' for partner condition
positive difference: it took longer to classify negative targets after partner's name than positive ones
=> partner's name primed positive items
negative difference: it took longer to classify positive targets after partner's name than negative ones
=> partner's name primed negative items
diffRTNeutral The difference 'corrRT(unpleasant targets) - corrRT(pleasant targets)' for neutral condition
=> control condition: the difference is expected to be around 0
the neutral prime words should neither prime positive nor negative targets

Raw Data

File Name: significantotherspp_raw*.iqdat

Data Fields

NameDescription
build Inquisit version number
computer.platform Device platform: win | mac |ios | android
date Date the session was run
time Time the session was run
subject Participant ID
group Group number
session Session number
blockCode Name of the current block
blockNum Number of the current block
trialCode Name of the current trial
trialNum Number of the current trial
response The participant's response (scancode of response key)
18 = E
23 = I
responseCat The interpreted key re sponse:"good" vs. "bad"
correct Accuracy of response: 1 = correct response; 0 = otherwise
latency The response latency (in ms); measured from: onset of target
stimulusItem.1 For the practice/test trials: contains the prime word
stimulusItem.2 For the practice/test trials: empty
stimulusItem.3 For the practice/test trials: contains the target word