Emotional Attentional Blink

Technical Manual

Script Author: Katja Borchert, Ph.D. (katjab@millisecond.com), Millisecond

Created: January 02, 2023

Last Modified: January 26, 2025 by K. Borchert (katjab@millisecond.com), Millisecond

Script Copyright © Millisecond Software, LLC

Background

This script implements Millisecond's version of an Attentional Blink Procedure run with images. In general Attentional Blink Procedures are used to study the temporary suppression of visual attention of a target that follows a distractor stimulus.

The implemented procedure is based on the Emotional Attentional Blink Procedure described by Keefe & Zald (2022). Instead of erotic couple images used as Emotional distractors and non-erotic couple images as Neutral distractors (as done by Keefe & Zald), this template script runs with simple spider images as 'Negative' and rose images as 'Neutral' distractor stand-ins. Target categories in this script are cars vs chairs (as opposed to left and right tilted cities and landscape images). Images of distractors as well as images of targets can be easily replaced to run different target and distractor images.

References

Keefe, J. M., & Zald, D. H. (2022). Emotional distractor images disrupt target processing in a graded manner. Emotion (Washington, D.C.), 22(5), 971–981. https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0000893

Duration

30 minutes

Description

Participants are presented a sequence of 23 rapidly presented images (a new image every 100ms). 21 of these images are randomly selected images of landscapes and/or cars. One image is either a spider (distractor type1) or a rose (distractor type2) in this template script. A target image is presented at 5 different lags following (or preceding) the distractor image. In this template script the target image is either a car or a chair. As soon as participants detect the target, they should press either the left (car) or right arrow key (chair). The sequence will continue after a response until all images have been presented. After all images have been presented, participants are given a perceptual awareness question about the target (can be easily turned off via editable parameters).

Procedure

(1) Practice: 20 trials (can be easily edited under section Editable Parameters)
- practice procedure the same as for a test block but with added feedback

(2) Test: 10 block of 40 trials each
Balanced Design per each block:
2 distractor types (negative vs. neutral) x 2 target categories (cars vs. chairs) x 2 distractor positions (5 or 7) x 5 target lags (-2,-1,1,2,8)
=> 40 trials per block, tested within participants (order of trials randomly determined)
=> 400 trials per test with 10 repetitions of each cell

•Distractor Sampling*
-the itemnumbers of the respective distractor images (per each category) are randomly selected without replacement
-the selection resets after all listed distractors in a category have been run
- the number of distractor images provided under item.distractors1/item.distractors2 determine how often a
distractor image could be repeated over all test trials

•Target Sampling*
-the itemnumbers of the respective target images (per selected target condition) are randomly selected without replacement
-the selection resets after all listed targets in a category have been run
- the number of target images provided under item.targets1/item.targets2 determine how often a
target image could be repeated over all test trials


•Trial Sequence*
-fixation cross trial: press spacebar to start next sequence (posttrialpause of 100ms)
-Image Sequence: 23 images presented at SOA= 100ms (see Editable Parameters)
- 1 Distractor
- 1 Target
- 21 Filler images
- response recorded during the 2300 duration of the presentation time
- Perceptual Awareness Trial until response

Stimuli

provided by Millisecond - can be edited can be edited in
script emotionalattentionalblink_stims_inc.iqjs

distractor1-category: spiders
distractor2-category: roses

target1-category: cars
target2-category: chairs

filler images: landscape and city images

NOTES:
(1) the images are only provided as PLACEHOLDERS
(2) these placeholder images were downloaded from https://pixabay.com/
License: Free to use under the Content License - No attribution required

Instructions

provided by Millisecond - can be edited in script emotionalattentionalblink_instructions_inc.iqjs
The instructions are modelled on an eprime script running the task that was provided Millisecond

Summary Data

File Name: emotionalattentionalblink_summary*.iqdat

Data Fields

NameDescription
inquisit.version Inquisit version number
computer.platform Device platform: win | mac |ios | android
computer.touch 0 = device has no touchscreen capabilities; 1 = device has touchscreen capabilities
computer.hasKeyboard 0 = no external keyboard detected; 1 = external keyboard detected
startDate Date the session was run
startTime Time the session was run
subjectId Participant ID
groupId Group number
sessionId Session number
elapsedTime Session duration in ms
completed 0 = Test was not completed
1 = Test was completed
propCorrect Overall proportion correct responses (based on based on adjAcc - no outliers removed)
propCorrectIV11 Proportion correct responses for Distractor Condition 1 (here: Spiders standing in for 'Negative' emotional stimuli)
propCorrectIV12 Proportion correct responses for Distractor Condition 2 (here: Roses standing in for 'Neutral' emotional stimuli)
propCorrectIV21 Proportion correct responses for Target Lag Condition 1 (here: -2)
propCorrectIV22 Proportion correct responses for Target Lag Condition 2 (here: -1)
propCorrectIV23 Proportion correct responses for Target Lag Condition 3 (here: 1)
propCorrectIV24 Proportion correct responses for Target Lag Condition 4 (here: 2)
propCorrectIV25 Proportion correct responses for Target Lag Condition 1 (here: 8)
propCorrectIV11IV21 Proportion correct responses for trials that presented a Negative stim (here: spider) as a distractor and a target with lag -2
propCorrectIV11IV22 Proportion correct responses for trials that presented a Negative stim (here: spider) as a distractor and a target with lag -1
propCorrectIV11IV23 Proportion correct responses for trials that presented a Negative stim (here: spider) as a distractor and a target with lag 1
propCorrectIV11IV24 Proportion correct responses for trials that presented a Negative stim (here: spider) as a distractor and a target with lag 2
propCorrectIV11IV25 Proportion correct responses for trials that presented a Negative stim (here: spider) as a distractor and a target with lag 8
propCorrectIV12IV21 Proportion correct responses for trials that presented a Neutral stim (here: rose) as a distractor and a target with lag -2
propCorrectIV12IV22 Proportion correct responses for trials that presented a Neutral stim (here: rose) as a distractor and a target with lag -1
propCorrectIV12IV23 Proportion correct responses for trials that presented a Neutral stim (here: rose) as a distractor and a target with lag 1
propCorrectIV12IV24 Proportion correct responses for trials that presented a Neutral stim (here: rose) as a distractor and a target with lag 2
propCorrectIV12IV25 Proportion correct responses for trials that presented a Neutral stim (here: rose) as a distractor and a target with lag 8
meanCorrRT Overall response time (in ms) for correctly classifying the presented target
meanCorrRTIV11 Response time (in ms) for correctly classifying the presented target with Negative distractors (here: spider)
meanCorrRTIV12 Response time (in ms) for correctly classifying the presented target with Neutral distractors (here: roses)
meanCorrRTIV21 Response time (in ms) for correctly classifying the presented target with lag -2
meanCorrRTIV22 Response time (in ms) for correctly classifying the presented target with lag -1
meanCorrRTIV23 Response time (in ms) for correctly classifying the presented target with lag 1
meanCorrRTIV24 Response time (in ms) for correctly classifying the presented target with lag 2
meanCorrRTIV25 Response time (in ms) for correctly classifying the presented target with lag 8
meanCorrRTIV11IV21 Response time (in ms) for correctly classifying the presented target with Negative (spiders) distractors and lag -2
sdIV11IV21 Standard deviation (in ms) for response times for correctly classifying the presented target with Negative (spiders) distractors and lag -2
meanCorrRTIV11IV22 Response time (in ms) for correctly classifying the presented target with Negative (spiders) distractors and lag -1
sdIV11IV22 Standard deviation (in ms) for response times for correctly classifying the presented target with Negative (spiders) distractors and lag -1
meanCorrRTIV11IV23 Response time (in ms) for correctly classifying the presented target with Negative (spiders) distractors and lag 1
sdIV11IV23 Standard deviation (in ms) for response times for correctly classifying the presented target with Negative (spiders) distractors and lag 1
meanCorrRTIV11IV24 Response time (in ms) for correctly classifying the presented target with Negative (spiders) distractors and lag 2
sdIV11IV24 Standard deviation (in ms) for response times for correctly classifying the presented target with Negative (spiders) distractors and lag 2
meanCorrRTIV11IV25 Response time (in ms) for correctly classifying the presented target with Negative (spiders) distractors and lag 8
sdIV11IV25 Standard deviation (in ms) for response times for correctly classifying the presented target with Negative (spiders) distractors and lag 8
meanCorrRTIV12IV21 Response time (in ms) for correctly classifying the presented target with Neutral (roses) distractors and lag -2
sdIV12IV21 Standard deviation (in ms) for response times for correctly classifying the presented target with Neutral (roses) distractors and lag -2
meanCorrRTIV12IV22 Response time (in ms) for correctly classifying the presented target with Neutral (roses) distractors and lag -1
sdIV12IV22 Standard deviation (in ms) for response times for correctly classifying the presented target with Neutral (roses) distractors and lag -1
meanCorrRTIV12IV23 Response time (in ms) for correctly classifying the presented target with Neutral (roses) distractors and lag 1
sdIV12IV23 Standard deviation (in ms) for response times for correctly classifying the presented target with Neutral (roses) distractors and lag 1
meanCorrRTIV12IV24 Response time (in ms) for correctly classifying the presented target with Neutral (roses) distractors and lag 2
sdIV12IV24 Standard deviation (in ms) for response times for correctly classifying the presented target with Neutral (roses) distractors and lag 2
meanCorrRTIV12IV25 Response time (in ms) for correctly classifying the presented target with Neutral (roses) distractors and lag 8
sdIV12IV25 Standard deviation (in ms) for response times for correctly classifying the presented target with Neutral (roses) distractors and lag 8
trMeanCorrRT Overall response time (in ms) for correctly classifying the presented target (tr= trimmed; OUTLIERS REMOVED)
trMeanCorrRTIV11 Response time (in ms) for correctly classifying the presented target with Negative distractors (here: spider)
trMeanCorrRTIV12 Response time (in ms) for correctly classifying the presented target with Neutral distractors (here: roses)
trMeanCorrRTIV21 Response time (in ms) for correctly classifying the presented target with lag -2
trMeanCorrRTIV22 Response time (in ms) for correctly classifying the presented target with lag -1
trMeanCorrRTIV23 Response time (in ms) for correctly classifying the presented target with lag 1
trMeanCorrRTIV24 Response time (in ms) for correctly classifying the presented target with lag 2
trMeanCorrRTIV25 Response time (in ms) for correctly classifying the presented target with lag 8
trMeanCorrRTIV11IV21 Response time (in ms) for correctly classifying the presented target with Negative (spiders) distractors and lag -2
trSDIV11IV21 Standard deviation (in ms) for response times for correctly classifying the presented target with Negative (spiders) distractors and lag -2
trMeanCorrRTIV11IV22 Response time (in ms) for correctly classifying the presented target with Negative (spiders) distractors and lag -1
trSDIV11IV22 Standard deviation (in ms) for response times for correctly classifying the presented target with Negative (spiders) distractors and lag -1
trMeanCorrRTIV11IV23 Response time (in ms) for correctly classifying the presented target with Negative (spiders) distractors and lag 1
trSDIV11IV23 Standard deviation (in ms) for response times for correctly classifying the presented target with Negative (spiders) distractors and lag 1
trMeanCorrRTIV11IV24 Response time (in ms) for correctly classifying the presented target with Negative (spiders) distractors and lag 2
trSDIV11IV24 Standard deviation (in ms) for response times for correctly classifying the presented target with Negative (spiders) distractors and lag 2
trMeanCorrRTIV11IV25 Response time (in ms) for correctly classifying the presented target with Negative (spiders) distractors and lag 8
trSDIV11IV25 Standard deviation (in ms) for response times for correctly classifying the presented target with Negative (spiders) distractors and lag 8
trMeanCorrRTIV12IV21 Response time (in ms) for correctly classifying the presented target with Neutral (roses) distractors and lag -2
trSDIV12IV21 Standard deviation (in ms) for response times for correctly classifying the presented target with Neutral (roses) distractors and lag -2
trMeanCorrRTIV12IV22 Response time (in ms) for correctly classifying the presented target with Neutral (roses) distractors and lag -1
trSDIV12IV22 Standard deviation (in ms) for response times for correctly classifying the presented target with Neutral (roses) distractors and lag -1
trMeanCorrRTIV12IV23 Response time (in ms) for correctly classifying the presented target with Neutral (roses) distractors and lag 1
trSDIV12IV23 Standard deviation (in ms) for response times for correctly classifying the presented target with Neutral (roses) distractors and lag 1
trMeanCorrRTIV12IV24 Response time (in ms) for correctly classifying the presented target with Neutral (roses) distractors and lag 2
trSDIV12IV24 Standard deviation (in ms) for response times for correctly classifying the presented target with Neutral (roses) distractors and lag 2
trMeanCorrRTIV12IV25 Response time (in ms) for correctly classifying the presented target with Neutral (roses) distractors and lag 8
trSDIV12IV25 Standard deviation (in ms) for response times for correctly classifying the presented target with Neutral (roses) distractors and lag 8
numberRemovedIV11IV21 Number of data points removed in condition: Negative (spiders) distractors and lag -2
numberRemovedIV11IV22 Number of data points removed in condition: Negative (spiders) distractors and lag -1
numberRemovedIV11IV23 Number of data points removed in condition: Negative (spiders) distractors and lag 1
numberRemovedIV11IV24 Number of data points removed in condition: Negative (spiders) distractors and lag 2
numberRemovedIV11IV25 Number of data points removed in condition: Negative (spiders) distractors and lag 8
numberRemovedIV12IV21 Number of data points removed in condition: Neutral (roses) distractors and lag -2
numberRemovedIV12IV22 Number of data points removed in condition: Neutral (roses) distractors and lag -1
numberRemovedIV12IV23 Number of data points removed in condition: Neutral (roses) distractors and lag 1
numberRemovedIV12IV24 Number of data points removed in condition: Neutral (roses) distractors and lag 2
numberRemovedIV12IV25 Number of data points removed in condition: Neutral (roses) distractors and lag 8

Raw Data

File Name: emotionalattentionalblink_raw*.iqdat

Data Fields

NameDescription
build Inquisit version number
computer.platform Device platform: win | mac |ios | android
computer.touch 0 = device has no touchscreen capabilities; 1 = device has touchscreen capabilities
computer.hasKeyboard 0 = no external keyboard detected; 1 = external keyboard detected
date Date the session was run
time Time the session was run
subject Participant ID
group Group number
session Session number
blockcode The name the current block (built-in Inquisit variable)
blocknum The number of the current block (built-in Inquisit variable)
trialcode The name of the currently recorded trial (built-in Inquisit variable)
trialnum The number of the currently recorded trial (built-in Inquisit variable)
trialnum is a built-in Inquisit variable; it counts all trials run
even those that do not store data to the data file.
blockCounter Counts the number of blocks run in each phase
trialCounterPerBlock Counts the number of trials run in each block
distractorCondition 1 = spiders ('negative'); 2 = roses ('neutral')
targetCondition 1 = car; 2 = chair
dPosition Sequence position the distractor is presented in: 5 or 7
tLag The current Target lag (Lag: how many trials the target is presented after the distractor)
-2: two trials BEFORE the distractor (one image in between)
- 1: one trial BEFORE distractor (directly precedes distractor)
1: one trial AFTER distractor (directly follows distractor)
2: two trials AFTER distractor (one image in between)
8: eight trials AFTER distractor (seven images in between)
tPosition The sequence position the target is presented in
dOnsetMS The calculated onsettime (in ms) of the distractor
tOnsetMS The calculated onsettime (in ms) of the target
corrResponse The correct key to press for the current trial (scancode)
response The response of participant (SCANCODE of response button) in the current trial
trial.imageSequence
203: left arrow
205: right arrow
trial.perceptualAwareness: IMPORTANT!!! scancodes of numbers are confusing
(column responseText stores the actual response key pressed)
2: participant pressed key "1" (see column responseText)
3: participant pressed key "2" (see column responseText)
4: participant pressed key "3" (see column responseText)
5: participant pressed key "4" (see column responseText)
responseText Stores the label of the response key pressed (as opposed to its scancode)
correct Correctness of response in the current trial
trial.imageSequence
1 = correct response key was pressed (regardless of when in the sequence)
0 = anything else
latency Response latency (in ms); measured from onset of trial
rt The difference in ms 'latency - actual target onsettime
=> response time (in ms) measured from onset of target
=> neg: response was made before target was presented
=> pos: response was made after target was presented
custom latency variable-calculated in trial.imageSequence
validRT 0 = the response time (if any) is not valid (either no response, response made before target, or response is anticipatory)
1 = response is valid: response was made after targetonset AND not within anticipatoryRT range (here: 200ms)
adjAcc The adjusted accuracy of the given response depending on values.RT
trial.imageSequence
1 = correct response key was pressed for the current target (correct classification) AND
response key was pressed 200ms+ AFTER targetonset (response is not considered anticipatory)
0 = anything else
distractorIndex The selected distractor itemnumber -> see item.distractors1/distractors2 (used for debugging purposes)
targetIndex The selected target itemnumber -> see item.targets1/targets2
filler1Index The selected filler itemnumber1 -> see item.fillers
filler2Index The selected filler itemnumber2 -> see item.fillers
filler3Index The selected filler itemnumber3 -> see item.fillers
filler4Index The selected filler itemnumber4 -> see item.fillers
filler5Index The selected filler itemnumber5 -> see item.fillers
filler6Index The selected filler itemnumber6 -> see item.fillers
filler7Index The selected filler itemnumber7 -> see item.fillers
filler8Index The selected filler itemnumber8 -> see item.fillers
filler9Index The selected filler itemnumber9 -> see item.fillers
filler10Index The selected filler itemnumber10 -> see item.fillers
filler11Index The selected filler itemnumber11 -> see item.fillers
filler12Index The selected filler itemnumber12 -> see item.fillers
filler13Index The selected filler itemnumber13 -> see item.fillers
filler14Index The selected filler itemnumber14 -> see item.fillers
filler15Index The selected filler itemnumber15 -> see item.fillers
filler16Index The selected filler itemnumber16 -> see item.fillers
filler17Index The selected filler itemnumber17 -> see item.fillers
filler18Index The selected filler itemnumber18 -> see item.fillers
filler19Index The selected filler itemnumber19 -> see item.fillers
filler20Index The selected filler itemnumber20 -> see item.fillers
filler21Index The selected filler itemnumber21 -> see item.fillers
dOnsetMS The calculated onsettime (in ms) of the distractor
tOnsetMS The calculated onsettime (in ms) of the target
f1OnsetMS The calculated onsettimes (in ms) of filler1
f2OnsetMS The calculated onsettimes (in ms) of filler2
f3OnsetMS The calculated onsettimes (in ms) of filler3
f4OnsetMS The calculated onsettimes (in ms) of filler4
f5OnsetMS The calculated onsettimes (in ms) of filler5
f6OnsetMS The calculated onsettimes (in ms) of filler6
f7OnsetMS The calculated onsettimes (in ms) of filler7
f8OnsetMS The calculated onsettimes (in ms) of filler8
f9OnsetMS The calculated onsettimes (in ms) of filler9
f10OnsetMS The calculated onsettimes (in ms) of filler10
f11OnsetMS The calculated onsettimes (in ms) of filler11
f12OnsetMS The calculated onsettimes (in ms) of filler12
f13OnsetMS The calculated onsettimes (in ms) of filler13
f14OnsetMS The calculated onsettimes (in ms) of filler14
f15OnsetMS The calculated onsettimes (in ms) of filler15
f16OnsetMS The calculated onsettimes (in ms) of filler16
f17OnsetMS The calculated onsettimes (in ms) of filler17
f18OnsetMS The calculated onsettimes (in ms) of filler18
f19OnsetMS The calculated onsettimes (in ms) of filler19
f20OnsetMS The calculated onsettimes (in ms) of filler20
f21OnsetMS The calculated onsettimes (in ms) of filler21
each of these 23 images should have an onsettime covering 0-2200ms; they will NOT be printed in order

Parameters

The procedure can be adjusted by setting the following parameters.

NameDescriptionDefault
Design
numberOfPracticeTrials Specifies the number of target trials to run20
numberTestBlocks Specifies the number of test blocks run
this script runs a completely balanced design. The number of trials per block
are calculated by expressions.numberOfTestTrials_perblock below
10
numberOfImagesPerSequence The total number of images per 'blink' sequence
one image is the critical distractor (D) - neutral vs. emotional distractor image
one image is the critical target (T)
the remaining images (here: 21) are regular filler images (F)
IMPORTANT: the MAX number of images that the default implementation of this script can handle is 25
23
runPerceptualAwarenessQuestion True = this script runs a perceptual awareness question regarding the target after a positive (correct or incorrect) response
false = this script does NOT a perceptual awareness question regarding the target
true
Timing Parameters
soaMS The stimulus onset asynchrony (in ms) for each image in the sequence
100ms translates to 6 vertical refreshframes on a 60Hz monitor
100
feedbackDurationMS The feedback duration in ms (feedback during practice only)1000
anticipatoryRTMS Any response times faster than parameters.anticipatoryRTMS are considered anticipatory
and not considered valid responses (can easily be turned off by setting this parameter to 0)
200
Sizing Parameters
fixationHeightPct Relative height of the fixation cross in % (relative to active canvas)8%
imageHeightPct Regulates the size of the images50%
Responsekeys
leftResponseKeyScanCode The left response key (here: left arrow to indicate cars)203
rightResponseKeyScanCode The right response key (here: right arrow to indicate chairs)205