Automated Symmetry Span Task - SYMMSPAN

Technical Manual

Script Author: David Nitz (nitz.david@gmail.com, Millisecond

Task Copyright © 2005 by Dr. Randall Engle (copyright for Arspan, https://psychology.gatech.edu/renglelab/)

Last Modified: January 21, 2025 by K. Borchert (katjab@millisecond.com), Millisecond

Script Copyright © Millisecond Software, LLC

Background

This script implements the Automated Symmetry Span Task (ASSPAN, Conway et al, 2005), a measure of working memory.

References

CONWAY, A.R.A., KANE, M.J.,BUNTING, M.F., D. ZACH HAMBRICK, D.Z., WILHELM, O., & ENGLE, R.W. (2005). Working memory span tasks: A methodological review and user’s guide. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 2005, 12 (5), 769-786.

Duration

20 minutes

Description

Participants are presented visual sequences of 2-5 red squares (default) in a 4x4 matrix that need to be recalled at the end. Each square in the sequence is preceded by a symmetry judgement of pixelated black and white images. Square recall is tested by asking participants to click the sequence of the red squares in a provided 4 x 4 matrix. Recall of location AND order of squares matters.

Procedure

by setting parameters.debugMode = 1, the script runs in debug mode and presents the correct responses

1 Practice Session (default):
a) Practice of recalling sequences of squares of set sizes 2-3 in ascending order in a 4x4 matrix (4 trials)
b) Practice of symmetry judgements of pixel images (15 trials)
c) Combined practice of recalling sequences of squares (set size 2 only) and symmetry judgments:
each square is preceded by either a symmetrical or an asymmetrical pixel image (3 trials).
Square recall is done by clicking the cells of a provided 4 x 4 matrix.

Test Session (default):
12 Trials (12 = 3 repetitions of 4 set sizes; order of set sizes is randomly determined):
Recalling sequences of squares (set size 2-5): each square is preceded by either
a symmetrical or an asymmetrical pixel image.
Square recall is done by clicking the cells of a provided 4 x 4 matrix.

Scoring:
The program reports five values at the conclusion of the experiment:

The first, SSPAN score, uses the traditional “absolute sspan” scoring method.
It is the sum of all perfectly recalled sets.
So, for example, if an individual recalled correctly 2 squares in a set size of 2 (complete recall),
3 squares in a set size of 3 (complete recall), and 3 squares in a set size of 4 (partial recall only),
their SSPAN score would be 5 (2 + 3 + 0).

Total number correct is the total number of squares recalled in the correct position
(2 + 3 + 4 = 9 in the above example).

Symmetry errors are reported as total number of errors,
accuracy errors where the subject solved the operation incorrectly,
and speed errors in which the subject ran out of time
in attempting to solve a given operation.

Stimuli

symmetry pixel images: check section Editable Stimuli

Instructions

see script "automatedsymmspan_instructions_inc.iqjs"

Summary Data

File Name: automatedsymmspan_summary*.iqdat

Data Fields

NameDescription
inquisit.version Inquisit version number
computer.platform Device platform: win | mac |ios | android
computer.touch 0 = device has no touchscreen capabilities; 1 = device has touchscreen capabilities
computer.hasKeyboard 0 = no external keyboard detected; 1 = external keyboard detected
startdate Date script was run
starttime Time script was started
subjectid Assigned subject id number
groupid Assigned group id number
sessionid Assigned session id number
elapsedtime Time it took to run script (in ms); measured from onset to offset of script
completed 0 = Test was not completed
1 = Test was completed
sspan Tracks the sum of all correctly recalled squares of correctly recalled sets
spcu Partial credit unit for the sspan task
number of correct recalled squares (in any position) relative to all presented squares
totalSquares The total number of squares presented (across all sets)
totalCorrectSquaresCP Tracks the sum of all correctly recalled squares (in any position, AP)
totalCorrectSquaresCP Tracks the sum of all correctly recalled squares (in correct position, CP)
totalRecalledSets Tracks the number of all correctly recalled sets
symmetryTotalErrors Tracks the total number of symmetry errors (both speed and accuracy problems)
symmetrySpeedErrors Tracks the symmetry problem errors due to speed (aka was to slow to make a decision)
symmetryAccErrors Tracks the symmetry problem errors due to accuracy (aka selected the incorrect answer)
symmetryAccuracy Percent correct symmetry problems

Raw Data

File Name: automatedsymmspan_raw*.iqdat

Data Fields

NameDescription
build Inquisit version number
computer.platform Device platform: win | mac |ios | android
computer.touch 0 = device has no touchscreen capabilities; 1 = device has touchscreen capabilities
computer.hasKeyboard 0 = no external keyboard detected; 1 = external keyboard detected
date Date the session was run
time Time the session was run
subject Participant ID
group Group number
session Session number
blockcode The name the current block (built-in Inquisit variable)
blocknum The number of the current block (built-in Inquisit variable)
trialcode The name of the currently recorded trial (built-in Inquisit variable)
trialnum The number of the currently recorded trial (built-in Inquisit variable)
trialnum is a built-in Inquisit variable; it counts all trials run
even those that do not store data to the data file.
response The participant's response (the selected button)
correct The correctness of the response (1 = correct; 0 = incorrect)
latency The response latency (in ms)
currentSetSize The size of the currently tested set of squares
list.testSquareList.nextValue Stores the matrix location of the current square
symmetryProblemCount Tracks the number of symmetry problems presented
picture.symmetryProblem.currentItem: stores the currently presented Symmetry Problem
symmetryAccuracy Percent correct symmetry problems
symmetryTotalErrors Tracks the total number of symmetry errors (both speed and accuracy problems)
symmetryAccErrors Tracks the symmetry problem errors due to accuracy (aka selected the incorrect answer)
symmetrySpeedErrors Tracks the symmetry problem errors due to speed (aka was to slow to make a decision)
symmetryTimeout Stores the time the symmetry problem is presented to participants
presentedSquares The presented squares in order during the current set
setSquareCount The current square count (for this set)
totalSquares The total square count (across all sets)
recalledSquares The number of squares recalled of the current problem/set
totalCorrectSquaresAP Tracks the total number of correct squares recalled in any position (AP)
totalCorrectSquaresCP Tracks the sum of all correctly recalled squares, correct position (CP) (Max for the default experimental set-up: 42)
totalRecalledSets Tracks the number of all correctly recalled sets
sspan Tracks the sum of all correctly recalled squares of correctly recalled sets
(Max for the default experimental set-up: 42)
spcu Partial credit unit for the sspan task
number of correct recalled squares (in any position) relative to all presented squares
trialCount Trial counter (updated under trial 'square_feedback')
recalledSquaresPerTrial The number of recalled squares for the current trial only (updated under trial 'square_feedback')
recalledSquaresAccPerTrial Proportion correct recalled squares for the current trial only (updated under trial 'square_feedback')
correctSymmetryPerTrial The number of correctly categorized symmetry problems for the current trial only (updated under trial 'square_feedback')
symmetryAccPerTrial Proportion correctly categorized symmetrcy problems for the current trial only (updated under trial 'square_feedback')

Parameters

The procedure can be adjusted by setting the following parameters.

NameDescriptionDefault
learningInterval Duration (in ms) of the square presentation trials850
startSymmTimeout Start duration (in ms) of the symmetry presentation trials5000
Note: The Duration Is Adjusted For The Test Trials Based On Practice Performance
debugMode 0 = testmode => no debug information is presented0
1 = Debugmode => Debug Information Is Presented On Screen